BIM Classification AI

Business Case

Problem Statement

BIM models often lack proper classification:

• Elements without classification codes
• Inconsistent naming conventions
• Manual classification is tedious
• Difficult to map to cost databases

Solution

AI-powered classification system that analyzes BIM element properties and suggests appropriate classification codes from multiple standards.

Business Value

• Automation - Reduce manual classification effort
• Consistency - Standardized classification across projects
• Integration - Enable cost estimation and QTO
• Quality - Improved data quality in BIM models

Technical Implementation

import pandas as pd
from typing import Dict, Any, List, Optional, Tuple
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum
import re


class ClassificationSystem(Enum):
    """Classification standards."""
    UNIFORMAT = "uniformat"
    MASTERFORMAT = "masterformat"
    OMNICLASS = "omniclass"
    UNICLASS = "uniclass"
    CWICR = "cwicr"


@dataclass
class ClassificationCode:
    """Classification code with metadata."""
    code: str
    title: str
    system: ClassificationSystem
    level: int
    parent_code: Optional[str] = None
    keywords: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)


@dataclass
class ClassificationResult:
    """Result of classification attempt."""
    element_id: str
    element_name: str
    element_category: str
    suggested_codes: List[Tuple[ClassificationCode, float]]  # (code, confidence)
    selected_code: Optional[ClassificationCode] = None
    manual_override: bool = False


class ClassificationDatabase:
    """Classification codes database."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.codes: Dict[ClassificationSystem, List[ClassificationCode]] = {
            system: [] for system in ClassificationSystem
        }
        self._load_standard_codes()

    def _load_standard_codes(self):
        """Load standard classification codes."""
        # UniFormat II codes
        uniformat_codes = [
            ("A", "Substructure", 1, None, ["foundation", "basement", "excavation"]),
            ("A10", "Foundations", 2, "A", ["footing", "pile", "foundation"]),
            ("A1010", "Standard Foundations", 3, "A10", ["spread footing", "strip footing"]),
            ("A1020", "Special Foundations", 3, "A10", ["pile", "caisson", "mat foundation"]),
            ("B", "Shell", 1, None, ["superstructure", "exterior", "roof"]),
            ("B10", "Superstructure", 2, "B", ["floor", "roof", "structure"]),
            ("B1010", "Floor Construction", 3, "B10", ["slab", "deck", "floor"]),
            ("B1020", "Roof Construction", 3, "B10", ["roof", "deck", "truss"]),
            ("B20", "Exterior Enclosure", 2, "B", ["wall", "window", "door"]),
            ("B2010", "Exterior Walls", 3, "B20", ["curtain wall", "masonry", "cladding"]),
            ("B2020", "Exterior Windows", 3, "B20", ["window", "glazing", "storefront"]),
            ("B30", "Roofing", 2, "B", ["roof", "membrane", "insulation"]),
            ("C", "Interiors", 1, None, ["partition", "ceiling", "floor finish"]),
            ("C10", "Interior Construction", 2, "C", ["partition", "door", "glazing"]),
            ("C20", "Stairs", 2, "C", ["stair", "railing", "ladder"]),
            ("C30", "Interior Finishes", 2, "C", ["finish", "paint", "flooring"]),
            ("D", "Services", 1, None, ["mechanical", "electrical", "plumbing"]),
            ("D10", "Conveying", 2, "D", ["elevator", "escalator", "lift"]),
            ("D20", "Plumbing", 2, "D", ["pipe", "fixture", "drain"]),
            ("D30", "HVAC", 2, "D", ["duct", "hvac", "air handling"]),
            ("D40", "Fire Protection", 2, "D", ["sprinkler", "fire", "suppression"]),
            ("D50", "Electrical", 2, "D", ["electrical", "power", "lighting"]),
        ]

        for code, title, level, parent, keywords in uniformat_codes:
            self.codes[ClassificationSystem.UNIFORMAT].append(
                ClassificationCode(code, title, ClassificationSystem.UNIFORMAT, level, parent, keywords)
            )

        # MasterFormat codes (simplified)
        masterformat_codes = [
            ("03", "Concrete", 1, None, ["concrete", "formwork", "reinforcing"]),
            ("03 30 00", "Cast-in-Place Concrete", 2, "03", ["concrete", "pour", "slab"]),
            ("03 41 00", "Precast Structural Concrete", 2, "03", ["precast", "concrete", "panel"]),
            ("04", "Masonry", 1, None, ["brick", "block", "stone"]),
            ("05", "Metals", 1, None, ["steel", "metal", "aluminum"]),
            ("05 12 00", "Structural Steel Framing", 2, "05", ["beam", "column", "steel"]),
            ("06", "Wood, Plastics, Composites", 1, None, ["wood", "timber", "lumber"]),
            ("07", "Thermal and Moisture Protection", 1, None, ["insulation", "roofing", "waterproofing"]),
            ("08", "Openings", 1, None, ["door", "window", "glazing"]),
            ("09", "Finishes", 1, None, ["drywall", "paint", "flooring"]),
            ("21", "Fire Suppression", 1, None, ["sprinkler", "fire", "suppression"]),
            ("22", "Plumbing", 1, None, ["pipe", "fixture", "plumbing"]),
            ("23", "HVAC", 1, None, ["hvac", "duct", "mechanical"]),
            ("26", "Electrical", 1, None, ["electrical", "power", "lighting"]),
        ]

        for code, title, level, parent, keywords in masterformat_codes:
            self.codes[ClassificationSystem.MASTERFORMAT].append(
                ClassificationCode(code, title, ClassificationSystem.MASTERFORMAT, level, parent, keywords)
            )

    def search(self, query: str, system: ClassificationSystem = None) -> List[ClassificationCode]:
        """Search classification codes by keyword."""
        results = []
        query_lower = query.lower()

        systems = [system] if system else list(ClassificationSystem)

        for sys in systems:
            for code in self.codes.get(sys, []):
                # Check title
                if query_lower in code.title.lower():
                    results.append(code)
                    continue
                # Check keywords
                if any(query_lower in kw.lower() for kw in code.keywords):
                    results.append(code)

        return results


class BIMClassificationAI:
    """AI-powered BIM element classification."""

    def __init__(self, classification_db: ClassificationDatabase = None):
        self.db = classification_db or ClassificationDatabase()
        self.category_mappings = self._load_category_mappings()
        self.results: List[ClassificationResult] = []

    def _load_category_mappings(self) -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
        """Load Revit/IFC category to classification mappings."""
        return {
            # Structural
            "Structural Columns": ["B10", "05 12 00", "column", "structural"],
            "Structural Framing": ["B10", "05 12 00", "beam", "framing"],
            "Structural Foundations": ["A10", "03 30 00", "foundation", "footing"],
            "Floors": ["B1010", "03 30 00", "floor", "slab"],
            # Architectural
            "Walls": ["B20", "04", "wall", "partition"],
            "Curtain Walls": ["B2010", "08 44 00", "curtain wall", "glazing"],
            "Windows": ["B2020", "08 50 00", "window", "glazing"],
            "Doors": ["C10", "08 10 00", "door", "opening"],
            "Roofs": ["B30", "07 50 00", "roof", "roofing"],
            "Ceilings": ["C30", "09 51 00", "ceiling", "finish"],
            "Stairs": ["C20", "05 51 00", "stair", "railing"],
            # MEP
            "Ducts": ["D30", "23 31 00", "duct", "hvac"],
            "Pipes": ["D20", "22 11 00", "pipe", "plumbing"],
            "Electrical Equipment": ["D50", "26 20 00", "electrical", "panel"],
            "Lighting Fixtures": ["D50", "26 51 00", "light", "fixture"],
            "Sprinklers": ["D40", "21 13 00", "sprinkler", "fire protection"],
            "Mechanical Equipment": ["D30