Spec Plan

Write a plan so clear that any engineer can follow it. Let the human tear it apart through annotation cycles until it's right. Then create structured tasks. This skill does not write code.

Artifacts

docs/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>/
├── design.md  ← From spec-brainstorm (approved)
└── plan.json  ← This skill's output

The plan starts as a markdown draft for human annotation, then gets converted to structured plan.json when approved.

plan.json Schema

{
  "feature": "user-authentication",
  "spec": "docs/specs/2026-03-08-user-auth/design.md",
  "goal": "Add email/password authentication with session management",
  "phases": [
    {
      "id": "P1",
      "name": "Domain Model",
      "tasks": [
        {
          "id": "T1",
          "name": "Implement UserEntity with validation",
          "depends_on": [],
          "inputs": [
            "User schema from design.md",
            "Validation rules (email format, password strength)"
          ],
          "description": "Create UserEntity with email and password fields. Implement validation using a Result type. Password must be hashed, never stored plaintext.",
          "files": {
            "create": ["src/entities/user.ts", "tests/entities/user.test.ts"],
            "modify": []
          },
          "validation": {
            "tests": [
              "rejects empty email",
              "rejects invalid email format",
              "rejects weak password",
              "accepts valid user input"
            ],
            "acceptance": [
              "All validation tests pass",
              "User.fromRequest returns Result<User>",
              "No direct throws — all errors via Result"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Top-level fields

Phase fields

Task fields

Step 1: Write the Plan Draft

Read the approved design.md, then write a plan as a markdown section in the same document or as a separate draft.

Plan quality

Write assuming the implementer:

• Knows the language and framework
• Doesn't know this codebase's specific patterns
• Needs clear boundaries and validation criteria
• Will take the path of least resistance if the plan is vague

Task structure

Each task should be self-contained and include:

• Inputs: What you need to know or have before starting (from spec, existing code)
• Description: What to build, key design decisions, constraints
• Files: Exact paths to create and modify
• Validation: Tests that must pass and acceptance criteria

No exact code snippets. No implementation details. The task says WHAT and HOW TO VERIFY, not HOW to write the code.

Task ordering

Follow bottom-up dependency ordering from oracle-architect:

Entity → Repository → Service → Router/Consumer

Task size

Each task should take 15-60 minutes. If larger, decompose into smaller tasks.

Tell the human: "Plan draft is ready for review."

STOP. Wait for human review.

Step 2: The Annotation Cycle

The human annotates the plan draft directly — adding corrections, rejections, domain knowledge, business constraints, or "remove this entirely."

You write plan → Human adds inline notes → You address all notes → Repeat 1-6x

When the human says "I added notes":

1. Re-read the entire document
2. Address every single note
3. Update the plan
4. Do not create tasks. Do not implement.

The "don't implement yet" guard is sacred. The plan is not ready until the human explicitly approves it.

Steering patterns

Step 3: Create Structured Tasks

When the human approves — "looks good", "approved", "create tasks" — convert the plan into plan.json.

Task Tracking

Preferred: Use beads for dependency-aware task tracking:

# Create epic and tasks with dependencies
bd create "Feature: {name}" --label {feature} --type epic
bd create "Task: {name}" --label {feature} --type task --epic {epic-id}
bd dep add --type blocks {task-a} {task-b}  # task-a blocks task-b

Fallback: If beads is not available, use the harness's native todo system. The harness provides todo management — use it directly.

What to do

1. Convert the annotated plan draft into structured plan.json
2. Each task maps to a unit with inputs, description, files, and validation
3. Dependencies between tasks are captured in depends_on fields
4. Create tasks using beads (preferred) or harness todos:
   • Create an epic/feature container
   • Add tasks per phase with clear descriptions
   • Mark dependencies between tasks (beads: bd dep add, harness: manual ordering)
5. The plan.json is the source of truth for task details; the task tracker tracks execution state

Verification

After creating plan.json, verify:

• Every task has an ID and depends_on field
• Dependencies form a valid DAG (no cycles)
• Every task has inputs, description, and validation
• File paths are complete and specific
• Validation criteria are concrete and testable

Handoff

When plan.json is created and tasks exist, the next step is spec-implement.

Tell the human:

"Plan is approved and tasks are created. Ready to start implementation?"

Autonomous — I'll work through all tasks, only stopping if blocked.

Batched — I'll do 3-5 tasks at a time, then report and wait for feedback.

Do not start implementing. That's spec-implement's job.

If implementation reveals missing tasks, update plan.json. If design is wrong, loop back to research. See spec-orchestrator for iteration patterns.

Quick Reference