git-github

Git and GitHub Workflow Skill

Comprehensive guide for Git version control and GitHub collaboration patterns.

When This Activates

• Creating commits or branches
• Opening or reviewing pull requests
• Managing GitHub issues
• Using the gh CLI
• Keywords: "git", "github", "commit", "branch", "pr", "pull request", "merge", "issue"

Conventional Commits

All commit messages follow the conventional commits specification:

<type>(<scope>): <description>

[optional body]

[optional footer(s)]

Types

| Type | When to Use | |------|-------------| | feat | New feature or capability | | fix | Bug fix | | docs | Documentation only changes | | style | Formatting, missing semicolons, etc. | | refactor | Code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature | | perf | Performance improvement | | test | Adding or correcting tests | | chore | Build process, auxiliary tools, or maintenance | | ci | CI/CD configuration changes |

Examples

feat(auth): add JWT token refresh endpoint
fix(api): handle null response from upstream service
docs: update API reference for v2 endpoints
refactor(db): extract query builder into separate module
test(auth): add integration tests for OAuth flow
chore: upgrade dependencies to latest versions

Breaking Changes

Use ! after type or add BREAKING CHANGE: footer:

feat(api)!: change response format from XML to JSON

Branch Naming Conventions

<type>/<issue-number>-<short-description>

Patterns

| Pattern | Example | |---------|---------| | Feature | feat/123-add-user-auth | | Bug fix | fix/456-null-pointer-crash | | Docs | docs/789-update-api-reference | | Refactor | refactor/101-extract-helpers |

Rules

• Use lowercase with hyphens (no underscores or spaces)
• Include issue number when applicable
• Keep descriptions under 5 words
• Delete branches after merging

PR Workflow with gh CLI

Creating Pull Requests

# Create PR with title and body
gh pr create --title "feat: add user authentication" --body "$(cat <<'EOF'
## Summary
- Add JWT-based authentication
- Implement login/logout endpoints

## Test plan
- [ ] Unit tests for token generation
- [ ] Integration tests for auth flow
EOF
)"

# Create draft PR
gh pr create --draft --title "wip: refactor database layer"

# Create PR targeting specific base branch
gh pr create --base develop --title "feat: new feature"

Reviewing Pull Requests

# List open PRs
gh pr list

# View PR details
gh pr view 123

# Check out PR locally
gh pr checkout 123

# Approve PR
gh pr review 123 --approve

# Request changes
gh pr review 123 --request-changes --body "Please fix the error handling"

# Merge PR
gh pr merge 123 --squash --delete-branch

PR Best Practices

1. Keep PRs small - Under 400 lines changed when possible
2. One concern per PR - Don't mix features with refactors
3. Write descriptive titles - Use conventional commit format
4. Include test plan - Checklist of what to verify
5. Link issues - Use "Closes #123" in body

Issue Management

Creating Issues

# Create issue with title and body
gh issue create --title "Bug: login fails on Safari" --body "Steps to reproduce..."

# Create with labels
gh issue create --title "feat: dark mode" --label "enhancement,ui"

# Create with assignee
gh issue create --title "fix: memory leak" --assignee "@me"

Issue Templates

Use labels to categorize:

| Label | Color | Purpose | |-------|-------|---------| | bug | red | Something broken | | enhancement | blue | New feature request | | documentation | green | Docs improvement | | good first issue | purple | Beginner friendly | | priority: high | orange | Needs immediate attention |

Linking Issues to PRs

# In PR body
Closes #123
Fixes #456
Resolves #789

Git Hooks Best Practices

Pre-commit

# Format code
black --check src/
isort --check src/

# Lint
flake8 src/

# Check for secrets
detect-secrets scan

Pre-push

# Run tests
pytest tests/ -x --timeout=60

# Type check
mypy src/

Commit-msg

# Validate conventional commit format
pattern="^(feat|fix|docs|style|refactor|perf|test|chore|ci)(\(.+\))?!?: .{1,72}"
if ! echo "$1" | grep -qE "$pattern"; then
    echo "Invalid commit message format"
    exit 1
fi

Common Git Operations

Stashing Changes

git stash push -m "wip: authentication changes"
git stash list
git stash pop

Interactive Rebase (cleanup before PR)

git rebase -i HEAD~3  # Squash last 3 commits

Cherry-picking

git cherry-pick abc1234  # Apply specific commit

Resolving Conflicts

git merge main           # Trigger merge
# Fix conflicts in editor
git add .
git commit               # Complete merge

Key Takeaways

1. Conventional commits - Always use type(scope): description format
2. Branch naming - type/issue-description pattern
3. Small PRs - Under 400 lines, one concern each
4. gh CLI - Use for all GitHub operations
5. Link issues - Always connect PRs to issues
6. Git hooks - Automate quality checks
7. Delete merged branches - Keep repository clean

Hard Rules

FORBIDDEN:

• Force-pushing to main/master without explicit approval
• Committing secrets, API keys, or credentials (use .env files)
• Merge commits with failing CI checks
• PRs without linked issues or description

REQUIRED:

• All PRs MUST have a description explaining the "why"
• Branch names MUST follow type/issue-description pattern
• Commits MUST use conventional commit format (feat:, fix:, docs:, etc.)
• All PRs MUST pass CI before merge