PDF Conversion Router
Route every PDF conversion through a short analysis step before choosing tools or CLI flags.
The goal is not "extract the most text". The goal is:
- preserve structure
- preserve attachment between labels and values
- choose the most faithful output shape
- avoid noisy defaults when a better route exists
When to Use
- The user wants a PDF converted into another format.
- The requested output is
.md,.html,.txt,.json,.docx, or structured notes. - The PDF may be scanned, OCR-heavy, table-heavy, slide-based, medical, academic, or multi-column.
Core Rule
Never start with one fixed default pipeline.
Always:
- classify the PDF
- classify the target output
- choose the strongest route for that combination
- validate the result on representative sections
- if needed, retry with better settings before delivering
Heuristics are starting points, not guarantees.
Do not promote one flag combination into a universal default just because it worked well on one PDF. Prefer document-specific evidence over habit.
Primary Engine Rule
Use opendataloader-pdf as the primary conversion engine for every PDF conversion task by default.
This skill should assume:
opendataloader-pdfis always the first conversion attempt- other tools are used to classify, validate, OCR, inspect, or support cleanup
- other extractors are not the default replacement for the main conversion route
Use other tools only for one of these reasons:
- quick classification of the PDF
- OCR preprocessing before conversion
- validation against layout-preserving text
- manual repair when the generated output is still noisy
- fallback only if
opendataloader-pdfcannot produce a usable result
Step 1: Classify the Source PDF
Identify the document class as quickly as possible:
- Native digital PDF with selectable text
- OCR PDF with noisy text
- Image-only/scanned PDF
- Slide deck / presentation export
- Medical or lab report
- Table-heavy business/finance document
- Narrative report / letter / article
- Mixed layout document with diagrams, tables, and prose
Useful fast checks:
pdfinfo input.pdf
pdftotext -layout input.pdf -
If text is missing or very poor, treat OCR as required.
Document-Type Heuristics
Use these as default starting points:
- medical / lab report
markdown-with-html + --table-method cluster + --image-output off
- slide deck / PowerPoint export
markdown-with-html + --image-output off add --table-method cluster only if the default route under-structures important tabular content if tables are visually obvious but missing or badly fused, treat this as a detection problem, not a Markdown formatting problem if the selected route already reconstructs a real table but clips leading characters at column boundaries, treat that as a boundary-splitting defect, not a missing-table failure
- narrative / article / letter
start with markdown or text use markdown-with-html only if structure clearly matters
- table-heavy business / finance PDF
start with markdown-with-html add --table-method cluster when rows or columns flatten
- scanned / image-heavy PDF
OCR first, then convert with opendataloader-pdf
- mixed-layout PDF
prefer markdown-with-html validate one easy section and one hard section before accepting output
Step 2: Choose the Output Shape
Pick the output that best matches the document and the user's goal.
markdown-with-html
Use by default when the user wants Markdown and fidelity matters. Prefer this for tables, medical reports, slides, mixed-layout PDFs, and anything likely to break in pure Markdown.
markdown
Use only when clean plain Markdown matters more than layout fidelity.
html
Use when visual structure matters more than LLM readability.
text
Use for quick linear extraction, narrative documents, or when structure is unimportant.
json
Use when downstream machine processing matters more than human readability.
docx
Use when the user wants editable office output and layout reconstruction matters.
Step 3: Choose the Extraction Route
For OpenDataLoader CLI
Use OpenDataLoader as the default route.
Preferred defaults:
- For Markdown output with fidelity priority:
-f markdown-with-html
- For medical PDFs:
add --table-method cluster
- For table-heavy PDFs:
add --table-method cluster
- For slide decks:
start without --table-method cluster add it only after a structure check shows meaningful improvement if a pseudo-table is already collapsed inside one detected row, changing only the Markdown flavor usually will not fix it if the active engine build recovers the pseudo-table structure, prefer fixing residual boundary artifacts before escalating to hybrid/full mode
- For conversions where images are not requested:
add --image-output off
- For slide decks, medical reports, and structure-sensitive PDFs:
prefer validating both the command success and the actual rendered structure
- For referts/reports where exact values matter:
validate key sections after conversion instead of trusting first pass
For medical or lab PDFs
Default route:
opendataloader-pdf -f markdown-with-html --table-method cluster --image-output off
Then verify:
- main table headers
- attachment of value, unit, and reference range
- legends/comments separated from result rows
If a clinical table is flattened, compare against pdftotext -layout before accepting output.
For slide decks
Prefer:
opendataloader-pdf -f markdown-with-html --image-output off
Then check for:
- repeated footers
- page numbers
- diagram pseudo-tables
- orphan symbols and chart labels
If CLI output is still poor, do a cleanup pass tuned for slides instead of assuming the raw extract is final. If the slide contains obvious table-like blocks that are not detected as tables at all, prefer a same-engine retry with a stronger route such as hybrid/full mode before jumping to unrelated extractors. If the slide now produces a real table, validate the first column and header boundaries before assuming the table is fully correct.
For scanned PDFs
If the text layer is poor or absent:
- run OCR first
- then convert the OCR'd PDF with
opendataloader-pdf
Prefer conservative reconstruction over aggressive guessing.
Step 4: Validation Gates
Before claiming success, inspect the output for the patterns most likely to break.
For medical PDFs:
- values attached to correct exam names
- units and reference ranges not merged into neighbors
- comments not merged into rows
For slides:
- bullets normalized
- footers/page numbers removed when they are noise
- diagrams not causing crashes
- remaining tables readable enough to follow
- first column labels not losing their first character at inferred column boundaries
- pseudo-table recovery not breaking row grouping or spilling labels into the next column
For table-heavy documents:
- no catastrophic row flattening
- headers preserved
- repeated empty separator rows minimized
- sparse or single-column tables not accidentally collapsed into prose
- table bodies not fused into a single HTML or Markdown row containing many logical records
For every document class:
- check the first representative section, not just the top of the file
- check one complex section, not only a simple section
- prefer document-level confidence over success on page 1
Red Flags
Treat these as signals that the current output is not ready:
- table rows flattened into long prose lines
- table header looks correct but the entire body is fused into one row with multi-value cells
- labels detached from values
- units or reference ranges drifting into adjacent rows
- repeated page footers or page numbers
- pseudo-tables with mostly empty cells
- legitimate sparse tables collapsed into paragraphs
- single-column tables flattened because they looked "too simple"
- stray symbols, b